校园欺凌的心理干预与预防：基于生态系统理论的多层次干预体系探析

谢灿

长江大学教育与体育学院，湖北省荆州市，434023；

摘要：校园欺凌是损害青少年心理健康的突出公共卫生问题，会对受害者与施暴者造成长期身心损害。本文采用文献研究法与理论分析法，梳理四类欺凌差异化心理危害，整合认知行为、依恋、社会生态等干预理论，构建校 — 家 — 社协同分层干预框架，结合国内外反欺凌实践剖析现存困境并提出优化路径。研究表明，针对不同欺凌类型、涉事主体实施差异化干预，搭建多层协同防护网络，可有效修复心理创伤、矫正攻击行为，为中小学反欺凌心理防护提供理论参考。

关键词：校园欺凌；心理干预；预防；生态系统理论；多层次协同干预

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