S100蛋白家族在人类癌症中的多面性角色：从分子机制到临床前景
杨翔1 胡国明1，2（通讯作者）

1绍兴文理学院医学院，浙江绍兴，312000；

2浙江省绍兴市人民医院（浙江大学医学院附属绍兴医院）乳腺甲状腺外科，浙江绍兴，312000；

摘要：目的：本综述旨在系统系统探讨S100蛋白家族在人类肿瘤发生、进展及免疫调节中的多功能作用及其分子机制，并评估其作为诊断标志物和治疗靶点的转化潜力与挑战。方法：通过检索PubMed、Web of Science和CNKI等数据库，整合包括生物信息学分析与体外实验在内的多维度证据，全面梳理从基础机制到临床应用的研究进展。结果： S100蛋白（如S100A4、S100P、S100A8/A9等通过调控细胞周期、上皮-间质转化（EMT）、代谢重组（如S100P抑制铁死亡）以及肿瘤微环境（如促进M2型巨噬细胞极化和MDSC活化）等机制，发挥促癌或免疫调节作用。其表达水平与胰腺癌、结直肠癌、胃癌等多种恶性肿瘤的分期、转移及不良预后显著相关，显示出良好的诊断与预后标志物潜力。结论：S100蛋白在癌症中具有关键而复杂的功能，但其功能多样性、成员间高度同源性所致的靶向困难及转化瓶颈仍是未来研究的重点。

关键词：S100蛋白家族；肿瘤微环境；生物标志物；癌症；免疫治疗

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