牙周生物型对种植体周围炎及种植体存留率的影响

陈苗苗 刘思杰

西安外事学院，陕西西安，710077；

摘要：种植体周围软组织的形态与局部组织健康及修复后的稳定性有关，但不同表型对种植体周围炎和远期存留的影响尚无一致结论。角化龈宽度主要与清洁舒适度、菌斑控制及部分炎症指标有关，黏膜厚度和垂直向软组织高度则可能影响颈部软组织封闭及早期边缘骨改建。现有研究发现，薄软组织位点在早期随访中的边缘骨丧失较多，但长期骨水平和种植体存留率的差异仍不明确。早期骨改建、炎症性骨丧失与种植体丧失不能作为同一结局解释，评价表型的作用还需考虑口腔卫生、修复体形态及维护情况。本文就牙周生物型及种植体周围软组织表型与局部炎症、边缘骨变化和种植体存留的关系作一综述，为种植治疗前的组织评估及术后维护提供参考。

关键词：牙周生物型；种植体周围炎；边缘骨丧失；种植体存留率

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