广东某皮肤病医院瘢痕患者生活质量现状及影响因素分析
甘晓文 苏霞^{（通讯作者）}

南方医科大学皮肤病医院，广东广州，510000；

摘要：目的：了解瘢痕患者生活质量现状，分析其相关影响因素，为临床制定针对性护理干预措施提供依据。方法：采用便利抽样法，选取2025年12月～2026年3月广东省某三级甲等皮肤病专科医院就诊的瘢痕患者作为调查对象。采用一般资料调查表、皮肤病生活质量指数(DLQI)、温哥华瘢痕量表(VSS)和社会支持评定量表(SSRS)进行问卷调查。应用单因素分析、Pearson相关性分析、多重线性回归分析方法探究生活质量影响因素。结果：(1)共纳入260例瘢痕患者，DLQI评分为(4.90±3.14)分，处于轻度影响水平；维度平均分前三位为症状感受、治疗困扰、工作学习。(2)不同文化程度、瘢痕部位、瘢痕是否疼痛、瘢痕是否瘙痒、瘢痕是否影响活动功能的患者DLQI评分差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。(3)VSS总分及各维度分与DLQI评分呈正相关(P＜0.05)，SSRS总分及各维度分与DLQI评分呈负相关(P＜0.05)。(4)多重线性回归分析显示：瘢痕是否瘙痒、多部位瘢痕、VSS总分是生活质量的独立危险因素(均P＜0.05)，SSRS总分是独立保护因素(P＜0.05)。结论：瘢痕患者生活质量处于轻度受损状态，核心影响维度为症状感受、治疗困扰、工作学习。瘢痕瘙痒、多部位瘢痕、瘢痕严重程度及社会支持状况是影响生活质量的重要因素，临床应重点关注伴瘙痒、多部位瘢痕、瘢痕严重程度高且社会支持不足的患者。

关键词：瘢痕患者；生活质量；影响因素；瘢痕程度；社会支持

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