多孔介质对多段翼型气动噪声的影响数值分析
李自正 袁嘉普

南昌航空大学 航空宇航学院，江西南昌，330063；

摘要：使用多孔介质材料进行降噪是被动流动控制降噪中的热点问题，但多数相关研究对多孔介质参数影响少有论及。本文研究了在缝翼凹腔使用多孔介质材料的30P30N翼型的声源特性，基于格子Boltzmann和大涡模拟相结合的LBM-LES方法，对在前缘缝翼凹腔使用不同渗透率的多孔介质材料的多段翼型气动噪声的声场进行直接计算。结果表明：多孔介质材料的使用对多段翼气动噪声的控制有一定的效果，在渗透率为k=1.789e-8m2时表现出较为显著的降噪效果，随着渗透率的逐渐降低，降噪效果呈现先增加后减少的趋势，这与凹腔内时均速度大小和时均湍动能的变化趋势相吻合；随着渗透率的升高，多孔介质材料内部的流动也变得更加复杂；而对前缘缝翼凹腔内的流动结构进一步分析后发现，多孔介质材料的引入对涡的生成和相互作用进行了有效的抑制；这有效减弱了与涡运动相关的压力脉动，在声源处抑制了噪声的产生，达到了降低远场噪声的效果。本文为深入分析多孔介质对多段翼气动噪声的影响机理提供了依据。

关键词：多孔介质；多段翼型；LBM-LES方法；气动噪声；渗透率

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