氧化物固态电池中硅负极的应用与挑战 

辛昱 

合肥综合性国家科学中心能源研究院（安徽省能源研究院）， 合肥 230001 

摘要：硅(Si)负极因其具有高体积容量、高理论比容量等优点而得到推广。氧化物固态电解质（SEs）因其优秀 的安全性、宽温度耐受性和良好的稳定性而备受关注。如何使 Si 负极与氧化物固体电解质相互匹配，是未来研 究的方向。在充放电过程中过大的体积膨胀，会使固-固界面稳定性迅速恶化，是问题的关键。此外，Si 负极、 氧化物 SEs 中一些未知的电化学过程仍有待探索。这篇综述讨论了如何设计 Si 负极和氧化物 SEs 的结构，提高 界面稳定性，总结当前技术的进展和应对的挑战。

关键词：氧化物固体电解质 固态锂电池 硅负极 锂离子电池 

参考文献

[1]FUCHSBICHLER B, STANGL C, KREN H, 等. High capacity graphite–silicon composite anode material for lithium-ion batteries[J]. Journal of Power Sources, 2011, 196(5): 2889-2892. 

[2]KO M, CHAE S, MA J, 等 . Scalable synthesis of silicon-nanolayer-embedded graphite for high-energy lithium-ion batteries[J]. Nature Energy, 2016, 1(9): 16113.

[3]SUN C, LIU J, GONG Y, 等 . Recent advances in all-solid-state rechargeable lithium batteries[J]. Nano Energy, 2017, 33: 363-386. 

[4]CHEN R, BRESSER D, SARAF M, 等 . A Comparative Review of Electrolytes for Organic ‐ Material ‐Based Energy‐ Storage Devices Employing Solid Electrodes and Redox Fluids[J]. ChemSusChem, 2020, 13(9): 2205-2219. 

[5]ZHAO N, KHOKHAR W, BI Z, 等 . Solid Garnet Batteries[J]. Joule, 2019, 3(5): 1190-1199. 

[6]FERRARESI G, EL KAZZI M, CZORNOMAZ L, 等. Electrochemical Performance of All-Solid-State Li-Ion Batteries Based on Garnet Electrolyte Using Silicon as a Model Electrode[J]. ACS Energy Letters, 2018, 3(4): 1006-1012. 

[7]CHEN C, LI Q, LI Y, 等 . Sustainable Interfaces between Si Anodes and Garnet Electrolytes for Room-Temperature Solid-State Batteries[J]. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 2018, 10(2): 2185-2190. 

[8]PING W, YANG C, BAO Y, 等. A silicon anode for garnet-based all-solid-state batteries: Interfaces and nanomechanics[J]. Energy Storage Materials, 2019, 21: 246-252. 

[9]HUO H, SUN J, CHEN C, 等 . Flexible interfaces between Si anodes and composite electrolytes consisting of poly(propylene carbonates) and garnets for solid-state batteries[J]. Journal of Power Sources, 2018, 383: 150-156. 

[10]ZHANG L, LIN Y, PENG X, 等. A High-Capacity Polyethylene Oxide-Based All-Solid-State Battery Using a Metal–Organic Framework Hosted Silicon Anode[J]. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 2022, 14(21): 24798-24805. 

[11]ZENG B, GU Q, ZHANG Y, 等 . Engineering electrode – electrolyte interface for ultrastable Si-based solid-state batteries[J]. Surfaces and Interfaces, 2024, 44: 103687. 

[12]TAO J, WANG D, YANG Y, 等. Swallowing Lithium Dendrites in All‐Solid‐State Battery by Lithiation with Silicon Nanoparticles[J]. Advanced Science, 2022, 9(4): 2103786. 合肥综合性国家科学中心能源研究院自主立项项目编 号：22KZS401